how teeth whitening strips work | Double White Guide

How Teeth Whitening Strips Work: A Professional's Guide

This article explains the mechanism of teeth whitening strips, addressing common questions and concerns among dental professionals. We'll cover the active ingredients, application techniques, and limitations of this popular teeth whitening method.

Active Ingredients in Teeth Whitening Strips

* Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂): The most common active ingredient. It oxidizes stains on the tooth enamel, lightening their color. Concentration typically ranges from 6% to 14%. Higher concentrations may increase sensitivity.

* Carbamide Peroxide (CH₆N₂O₃): Another bleaching agent, often preferred for its slower release of hydrogen peroxide, potentially minimizing sensitivity. Breaks down into hydrogen peroxide upon contact with saliva.

The Whitening Process: How Strips Work

* Staining Removal: Whitening strips work by releasing the active ingredient (usually hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide) onto the tooth surface. This penetrates the enamel and dentin, breaking down chromogenic molecules responsible for tooth discoloration.

* Oxidative Reaction: The peroxide oxidizes the stain molecules, changing their chemical structure to become less pigmented. This results in a lighter shade of tooth color.

* Controlled Release: The strip's design allows for controlled release of the bleaching agent, maximizing contact time with the teeth while minimizing gum irritation. The thin, flexible material conforms to the tooth's surface.

Factors Affecting Effectiveness

* Stain Type: Whitening strips are most effective on extrinsic stains (stains on the surface of the tooth) caused by coffee, tea, tobacco, and certain foods. Intrinsic stains (stains within the tooth structure) may respond less favorably.

* Strip Concentration & Usage: Higher concentrations of peroxide generally lead to faster results, but may also increase sensitivity. Consistent use according to the manufacturer's instructions is crucial for optimal results.

* Individual Tooth Structure: The porosity and thickness of enamel can influence how effectively the bleaching agent penetrates and the speed of whitening.

Potential Side Effects and Considerations

* Tooth Sensitivity: A common side effect, often temporary and manageable with desensitizing toothpaste. The intensity is influenced by the concentration of peroxide and the duration of treatment.

* Gum Irritation: Possible if the strips are not applied correctly or if they extend onto the gum tissue. Proper application is essential to minimize this risk.

* Wear and Tear on Enamel: While generally considered safe when used as directed, prolonged or excessive use of whitening strips might contribute to minor enamel wear over time. Professional guidance is advisable for patients with sensitive teeth or existing dental issues.

Professional Recommendations and Patient Education

* Pre-treatment Evaluation: Assessing the patient's oral health, identifying existing sensitivities, and discussing realistic expectations are crucial before recommending whitening strips.

* Proper Application Techniques: Demonstrating correct application and advising on potential side effects are part of responsible patient care.

* Post-treatment Care: Recommending desensitizing toothpaste, avoiding staining substances, and scheduling follow-up appointments can enhance long-term results and patient satisfaction.